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This overview focuses on the design and preparation of phthalocyanines (Pcs) and covers both fundamental synthetic approaches and more applied research. Thus, different topics including, e.g., the preparation of conjugated assemblies using Pcs as synthetic building blocks, the supramolecular organization of appropriately featured Pc-molecules, and the incorporation of Pcs into dendrimers and polymers,...
This chapter discusses the electronic absorption spectra and electrochemistry of phthalocyanine complexes which are redshifted to ∼ 730 nm and beyond. These are mainly manganese phthalocyanine derivatives and phthalocyanines containing sulfur substituents. The chapter concentrates mainly on the work done during the last 10 years. There are 96 references quoted and three detailed tables on the electronic...
Photochromic dithienylethenes have been extensively investigated because of their striking features and potential uses in molecular devices, optoelectronic equipment, memory media, etc. Many photochromic dithienylethenes and their derivatives have been so far synthesized and their excellent performances have been examined. Dithienylethene, incorporating phthalocyanine hybrids and their analogs, is...
Phthlocyanines (Pcs) are unique synthetic macrocycles with a long history of 100 years from their first publications and of growing interest in many fields of technology. Nevertheless, ball-type Pcs, as a new class of compounds, were first published only recently and are rather rare in the literature. But they promise applications in several fields of technology. In present review, the methods applied...
The “bottom-up” strategy is an attractive and promising approach for the construction of nanoarchitectures. Supramolecular assemblies based on noncovalent interactions have been explored in an attempt to control the surface properties. In this chapter, we focus on advances made in the past 5 years in the field of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) on supramolecularly nanostructured phthalocyanines...
Phthalocyanines represent a versatile class of functional dyes which have found applications in various disciplines ranging from materials science, catalysis, nanotechnology to medicine. The intrinsic properties of the macrocycles as well as their molecular arrangements, both in solution and in the condensed phase, can be altered through rational chemical modification. Conjugation of other functional...
Magnetism and electronic structure of two types of phthalocyanine-based magnets, “ferromagnets” and “single-molecule magnets,” both of which exhibit spontaneous magnetization but by different mechanism, are reviewed.
In this chapter, recent progress in the application of phthalocyanines and related tetrapyrrole metal complexes in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is summarized and analyzed. Three categories of phthalocyanines defined by the connecting positions of anchoring groups, namely symmetrically substituted phthalocyanines, asymmetrically substituted phthalocyanines and axially substituted phthalocyanines,...
Various functional phthalocyanines as well as their tetrapyrrole analogs, porphyrins, have been extensively studied as organic semiconductors since the first report of organic field effect transistors (OFETs) in 1986. The large conjugated π system, excellent photoelectric characteristics, intriguing and unique optical properties, high thermal and chemical stability, and most importantly the easy functionalization...
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